Res Judicata and Constructive Res Judicata: Why You Cannot Litigate the Same Issue Twice
Section 11 of the CPC bars relitigation of decided issues. Understand the doctrine of res judicata, constructive res judicata, and the conditions courts apply.
Stages of a Civil Suit in India: From Filing the Plaint to the Final Decree
A complete guide to the stages of a civil suit in India under the CPC, 1908. Understand each step from filing the plaint to execution of the final decree.
Rejection of Plaint Under Order 7 Rule 11 CPC: Grounds, Procedure, and Recent Judicial Trends
When can a court reject a plaint at the threshold under Order 7 Rule 11 CPC? Understand the grounds, procedure, and what recent Supreme Court rulings mean for litigants.
Temporary Injunctions Under Order 39 CPC: When Courts Will and Will Not Grant Interim Relief
Understand the three-prong test for temporary injunctions under Order 39 CPC: prima facie case, balance of convenience, and irreparable injury. A practical guide for litigants.
Limitation in Execution of Decrees: How Long Do You Have Under Article 136 of the Limitation Act
How long do you have to execute a decree in India? Understand the 12-year limit under Article 136 of the Limitation Act, when it starts, and the key exceptions.
How to Challenge an Order Passed in Execution Proceedings: Appeals, Revisions, and Writs Explained
An order in execution went against you? Understand which remedy applies: appeal, revision, or writ. A complete guide to challenging execution orders under the CPC.
Third Party Rights in Execution Proceedings: Order 21 Rule 97 to 101 CPC Explained
Can a court execute a decree without hearing a third party objector? Understand your rights under Order 21 Rule 97 to 101 CPC and how to protect your property.
Attachment Before Judgment vs Attachment in Execution: Understanding Order 38 and Order 21 CPC
When can a court attach property before a final judgment? Learn the difference between attachment under Order 38 and Order 21 CPC and how to challenge a wrongful attachment.
Modes of Execution of a Decree Under Order 21 CPC: A Practical Guide for Decree-Holders
Won a civil suit but struggling to enforce the decree? Understand every mode of execution available under Order 21 CPC and how to choose the right one.
Objections by Judgment-Debtors Under Section 47 CPC: Scope, Limits, and Strategic Use
Section 47 CPC lets a judgment-debtor raise objections during execution. Understand its scope, limits, and what objections will and will not survive in court.